Governments Resort to Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Governments Resort to Intelligence - Essay Example Without a definite description of the role, purpose and development of the intelligence services, the reason that governments place such importance upon these services cannot be understood. There are other problems of definition where Intelligence is concerned; the first is the fact that Joint Intelligence Centers exist, implying for the researcher that there is more than one 'intelligences'. How does one distinguish between all of these services if there is not a clear definition from which to work Also, in order to establish the purpose behind the development of the Intelligence Services, the researcher must consider each of the many reshuffles, realignments and bureaucratic statements which run through the story of the services like veins. Each of these movements may provide a key to determining why governments, and the US government in particular, place so much reliance upon the ability of the Intelligence services to protect and administer the United States and its civilians. And yet, in the 6 years between 1996 and 2002, the budget for intelligence services increased by nearly 7 billion. Current expenditure is nearly 38 billion. In comparison, the Health services budget for 2006, 2007 and 2008 was $67, 349, $67, 533 and $67,650 respectively (Budget of US Government 2008, 2007) This amount of spending, and more essentially, the increase to the amount of spending, demonstrates that the US government is placing increasing reliance upon the Intelligence services. In order to establish why this is so, a definition of the Intelligence services will be attempted, followed by a short analysis of the history of the services. Reasons for resorting to intelligence services will be considered in light of these facts, and the complexities of setting up an intelligence service for the EU will be used to illustrate the problems in setting up alternatives to the system already established. The conclusion will then draw all these different strands together, hopefully providing an analysis of the reasons that governments resort to using intelligence services. Intelligence Definitions "We have no accepted definition of intelligenceWithout a clear idea of what intelligence is, how can we develop a theory to explain how it worksa compelling definition of intelligence might help us to devise a theory of intelligence, and increase

Internal Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Internal Control - Essay Example Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act states that all annual financial reports must include an internal control report stating that management is responsible for an adequate internal control structure and an assessment by management of the effectiveness of the control structure (Sarbanes-oxley-101, 2015). The creation of SOX established new standards for internal controls that corporations must abide to, while at the same time ensuring that upper management became accountable for the actions of the company. The new internal control requirements must be monitored by upper management including the CEO and CFO who must personally sign the report making them liable in case these internal controls fail (Kmpg, 2004). This raises their accountability by 100% in comparison with the past. The act also requires a statement from the public company that audited the financial statement that it has issued an attestation report on managements assessment of the internal control of the company (Sec, 2008). Peavler, R. (2015). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Enron Scandal – Why are they Important. Retrieved January 6, 2015 from http://bizfinance.about.com/od/smallbusinessfinancefaqs/a/sarbanes-oxley-act-and-enron-scandal.htm Sec.gov (2008). Final Rule: Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and Certification of Disclosure in Exchange Act Periodic Reports. Retrieved January 6, 2015 from

Information Technology Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Information Technology Management - Assignment Example that it prepares me to become well grounded in the organizations fundamental theory, making of decisions, becoming a leader in the organization and learning the ropes of team work. By learning Information Systems, one becomes well versed with current research methods and new information technologies that are emerging (Turban & Wood, 2013). As globalization sets in, IS prepares you for the emerging opportunities in software systems industry in any part of the world. It is quite interesting since it exposes one to world cultures and available opportunities for growth through communications between different cultures, global development systems and languages. Information Technology Management equips one with relevant knowledge for the development of creative and effective solutions of IT based on an absolute understanding of business opportunities and challenges. ITM prepares one to have a strong technical foundation in new approaches to information systems development which is inclusiv e of planning, analyzing, designing and programming (Turban et al, 2006). My career objective is Information technology Manager. ITM will prepare me to manage a network of people working in systems development, provide maintenance for major applications and implementing them. Information technology managers as well as information systems managers are in charge of secure and effective computer systems operations, software and hardware and applications used in both private and public organizations (Standing and Jackson, 2008). No organization can run effectively with the absence of such professionals since their skills and competencies are an integral part of every organization despite of the size or area of specialization. They are useful in an organization since they are responsible for: The role of an IT manager in the banking sector and that of the healthcare industry has both similarities and disparities. In the banking sector an IT manager is comes across different challenges

ELO Reflection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ELO Reflection - Assignment Example Auto racing eliminates human interaction in competition and takes a certain amount of success or failure of the hands of competitors. Racers chasing the feeling of adrenaline that one gets only in a race car as they come close to replicating any medication or other human experience. This feeling is addictive and consume. All you think about is running, and if you are not on the track, everything you think you want to go to the race next time. The drivers love their racing cars and love to go fast more than anything else. And once you master a particular form of the race, you want to go even faster. But the faster you go, the more dangerous it can be. You know as the driver how the race can be dangerous? Absolutely. Family members know that it is dangerous? Yes, they do. They know that all can be lost on the track, their families, their jobs and their way of life, if something goes wrong? Of course they do. Every veteran racer has been in a serious accident. It is often the first serious accident that causes the rotor to reassess the situation. Not everyone comes back from this first serious accident, and it is com mon to see riders leave the drivers seat on total because of the insistence of family and friends. I got an opportunity to be a part of the thrill. I remember walking to the rear of the pit garages eventually three-quarters of the way through the race and triggered a latecomer mechanic. I asked him what it was like running with the circus sports, traveling the world in a race to the next. When I went, it was the last year of the (relatively small) V8, and as shelled cars in curves and deep breakthrough, deep in the ears is something that you do not much of what cars and fans are doing as much fun as the race itself is not possible to follow in person. Wind cars tearing eyes, your face pecks rubber patches, and the

Evaluation of Critical Theory in Tourism Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of Critical Theory in Tourism Essay In spite of the consensus on the importance of research, the existing literature in hospitality and tourism research does not contain any commonly agreed upon ways of evaluating research performance. The most frequently used proxy for assessing research performance is authorship and institution analyses by counting the number of published articles in selected research journals (Jogaratnam, McCleary, Mena, and Yoo, 2005; Malhotra and Kher, 1996; Sheldon, 1991; Weaver, McCleary, and Farrar, 1990; Zhao and Ritchie, 2006). 4 While counting the number of published articles in selected journals may be simple to perform and interpret, this approach is subject to many methodological problems. Wood (1995), as well as Losekoot, Verginis, and Wood (2001), argued that counting publications in selected journals as an indicator of academic productivity is too narrow and geographically-based. Similarly, Ryan (2005) and Hall (2005) stated that focusing on publications in research journals would exclude many researchrelated activities such as writing books, supervising postgraduate students, and taking on leadership roles in the international academic community. Likewise, the conjecture which this paper makes is that using the number of published articles in selected tourism and hospitality journals as an indicator of research performance is an incomplete, if not biased approach, as other research-related activities are simply excluded from consideration. Such a statement is made on the basis that many established academics do not publish in the selected journals. In addition, in order to obtain a more comprehensive measurement of research performance, other scholarly activities such as participation in research projects, editorship of research journals, membership of editorial boards and conference committees, participation in international conferences, and memberships of international/national organisations should also be incorporated into the overall evaluation process. In response to the absence of prior studies on determining research performance for tourism and hospitality academics in a comprehensive way, this exploratory study makes an attempt to fill the void by investigating the perception of university program heads on the importance of different research-related activities. Program heads are the academics who assume key responsibilities in academic departments or  divisions. Examples of these key responsibilities include research leadership and evaluations (Wikipedia, 2006). Findings are thus anticipated to lead to 5 further insights on research performance evaluation, which in turn help academics appropriately set their own career development plans.

Barriers and Methods for Inter-Professional Healthcare

Barriers and Methods for Inter-Professional Healthcare Understanding inter-professional healthcare In the field of healthcare, inter-professional healthcare is important while facing every patient. In this report, it will list out what is inter-professional healthcare, methods to implement and consider the benefits and the barriers to the implement. Definition of inter-professional healthcare Inter-professional healthcare seems to be a hard term; in fact, it is used to refer to â€Å"two or more professions working together as a team with a common purpose, commitment and mutual respect† (Freeth et al. 2005, cited in Dunston et al., 2009, p. 6). In a simple explanation, inter- professional healthcare is a group of medical professions work as a team and request teamwork to achieve their goal, as known as cure the patients. The definition of teamwork is Interdependent performance become possible which according to actual behaviors, cognitions and attitudes. (Sallie et al., 2013) Methods used to implement inter-professional In teamwork, three essential, overlapping jobs are need, which is coordination, communication and shared responsibility (Hayes, 2014). Here are some methods can be do during inter-professional healthcare. Team discussion Problem solving through a team discussion is one of the methods. During discussion, defining problem and goals decision is needed which making a clear direction for the team for follow and achieve it. Also, opinions seeking about the problem form appropriate profession may help the team to discuss and expand the problem. Each member contribute their own unique professional perspective may make the problem become easier to solve. After giving opinions and advices, it is possible to plan out some possible solutions or patient handling plans. Giving opinions about each solution then evaluate them and choose the best one to process. At the end, summarize the plan and agree on distribution of tasks across team members (Hayes, 2014). Conflict management Another method can be apply on inter-professional healthcare is conflict management. No matter in any discussion, conflict may be occur and disturb the progress of problem solving. The meaning of professional diversity is â€Å"the conflict is inevitable, but also necessary† (Hayes, 2014, p.9). According to helpguide.org, the ability to successfully resolve conflict as follow: manage stress as soon as possible while people still remain alert and calm, self-emotion and behavior management, the feelings which people being expressed has to be careful, also be aware of and respectful of differences. (Conflict resolution skills, n.d., para.9) Benefits of inter-professional healthcare For benefits, it can be divided into four groups: patients, health care professional, educators or students, and health care delivery system. Patients With healthcare professional applied inter-professional healthcare, the outcomes of patient are improved. Also, the patient will have an effective care and reduce in costs and mistakes form the professional (Menken, 2011). Health care professional In health care professional, continuous interaction, coordinated efforts and knowledge sharing among the professionals is needed during work (american speech-language-hearing association, n.d., para.1). With inter-professional healthcare applied, the professional may improve the skills which mention above. Furthermore, according form world health organization, it point out that each professional may learn about, with and from different professional members (world health organization, 2010) Health care delivery system According to American speech-language-hearing association, it point out that the health care system are facing an impact on several problem, such as the health care practitioners requirement increase, the number of health care practitioners having retirement in increase, greater demands being placed on existing health care professional by increasing complexity of patient care, ETC.(American speech-language-hearing association, n.d., para.2).With inter-professional healthcare, the human resources can be used to move toward optimal health-services and better health outcomes (world health organization, 2010). Barriers to inter-professional healthcare implementation Difficulty may appear while doing inter-professional healthcare. Here are some examples which may cause it hard to proceed. Miscommunication Quoting the words form a physician leader at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, â€Å"the communication line just wasn’t there. We thought it was, but it wasn’t. We talk to nurses every day but we aren’t really communicating.† (gittell, 2009, p.5). Communication is the main part in inter-professional healthcare. it is needed in every case, which helps the healthcare professional to understand the problem, doing discussion and plan a solution. When communication is misleading, problem solving will be disturb and hard to process. Miscommunication may occur in these situations: things happen in high frequency of changing and working with different professional. Things in rapid changing Things happen which rapidly changing may lead to miscommunication. Quoting the words from a nurse administrator at Massachusetts General Hospital â€Å"miscommunication between the physician and the nurse is common because so many things are happening so quickly.† (gittell, 2009, p.5). Giving an example, the patient in and out of the hospital is so quick. Working with different professional Every patient is a unique case, the need of the patients are different. As a result, the healthcare professional needs to work with different professional with different background. Giving an example, caring a diabetes patient in general needs a dietitan, oral health, podiatrist, GP, physiotherapist, MRS, OT and optometrisits. With different professional background, each of the professional has different level of understanding in the problem. The hardest part is let the team member understand other professional view. Quote back the physician leader from about, they seem to be communicating with nurses every day, but they cannot understand their words (gittell, 2009, p.5). For suggestion, different professional have to explain to the team member their wording because some of them may not appear in other field. Conflict management Good management of conflict may improve the effectiveness of the team, in opposite, bad conflict management may become a barrier to implement inter-professional healthcare. According to helpguide.org, one or both parties feel a dangerous in a situation is a conflict (Conflict resolution skills, n.d., para.6). in a simple way to express, two members of the team arguing the treating method for a patient and both members don’t give off their opinion. If the conflicts cannot be solved, it continues to fester (Conflict resolution skills, n.d., para.6) and have a possibility of harming the health of the patient. Clam the member down, discuss the problem again and finding the most suitable solution is the idea of solving a conflicts. Conclusion In conclusion, due to the problem we are facing in healthcare industry, such as healthcare professional loss, funding in medical field, ETC., inter-professional healthcare may become more important and be the best way to use most of the human resource, But there are some difficulty to proceed. In most of it, explain and conflict control are the solution. References: Dunston, R., Lee, A., Lee, A., Matthews, L., Nisbet, G., Pockett, R., Thistlethwaite, J., White, J. (2009).Interprofessional health education in Australia: The way forward.Retrieved from http://www.rilc.uts.edu.au/pdfs/wayforward.pdf Weaver S. J., Feitosa J., Salas E., Seddon R., and Vozenilek J. A. (2013), the theoretical drivers and models of team performance and effectiveness for patient safety. In Eduardo Salas, Karen Frush (Eds.), Improving patient safety through teamwork and team training (pp. 4). New York,NY: Oxford university press. Hayes M. (2014). Inter-professional Teamwork in Healthcare [PDF]. Retrieved from https://uonline.newcastle.edu.au/bbcswebdav/pid-2233251-dt-content-rid-6106527_1/courses/CRS.107575.2014.S1/Interprofessional%20Teamwork%20in%20Healthcare.pdf Segal J., Smith M. (2014). Conflict Resolution skills. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/eq8_conflict_resolution.htm Menken M. (2011). Interprofessional Healthcare Education Means Better Patient Care. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://explorehealthcareers.org/en/issues/news/Article/252/Interprofessional_Healthcare_Education_Means_Better_Patient_Care World Health Organization (2010). Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice. Retrieved form http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2010/WHO_HRH_HPN_10.3_eng.pdf?ua=1 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (2008), Why is greater emphasis being placed on interprofessional education in health care? What impact will it have on the education of audiologists and speech-language pathologists? Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://www.asha.org/academic/questions/Interprofessional-Education/ Jody Hoffer Gittell (2009). High Performance Healthcare. The United States of America: McGraw-Hill.

This Is What It Means To Say Phoenix

This Is What It Means To Say Phoenix Sherman Alexies This Is What It Means To Say Phoenix, Arizona is one of the most fulfilling short stories of times. Victor as named in this particular story had lost a job. Immediately after this, he also received the sad news of his fathers demise from heart attack in a distant city named Phoenix, Arizona. As it turns out, he had not met his own father for a long period of time. This however does not prevent him from feeling the pain of the lose as still there was the link in the blood. The time of the occurrence being so unfair on him, he had no money with him to go over to make the necessary arrangements. It can also be seen that fireworks and cigarette form a major part of the lifestyle of the people of this neighborhood. According to the story, people who have money in excess are those selling the two commodities. He may have not been so broke anyway as his dead father had some savings which could take victor a long way in performing the necessary ceremonies and the burial. How ever, there was the challenge of getting to Phoenix to retrieve the remains which had badly rotten due to the body staying for a week in the vehicle where he died in abundance of heat before being finally found. The most final option according to him was to request for assistance from the Tribal Council of his community which was ‘ill funded (Sherman Alexies Short Stories). This particular Tribal Council had some funds always set aside to tackle problems of their community members in such situations as Victors. However, the distance between them and the city Victor wanted to travel to was so enormous that they could not afford to fund him with their reserved money. Eventually, only some one hundred American dollars could be availed to him and though it was too little, he accepts it and cashes the cheque he is given after signing the necessary papers. He had little option; he could not be assisted according to his need. Where he goes to cash his cheque, he encounters one man with a low profile in his community named Thomas Builds-the -fire or simply Thomas ‘the story teller (Sax 20). As it is written in this story, this man always talked to himself because no body ever gave attention to his stories whenever he told them. In fact in this story, a simile is used to describe him; ‘Thats like being a dentist in a town where everybody has false teeth (123HelpMe.com. 1). In this simile, the meaning as comes out is that he offers services that are not appreciated by the locals. This two had grown up together in this same neighborhood ‘childhood friends (123HelpMe.com. 1). Thomas, as usual, had something for peoples ears. From here there is a series of flashbacks about the days and times they had as children and what Thomas actually was made of. First to be mentioned is the childhood experience at about the age of seven when Thomas told a story about Peters father to his age mate Peter. He had referred to Peters daddy as being weak in that he did not want to get quality time with his own wife and children (family). He talked about the old man wanting to buy himself a motorbike and run away. In this same story, there is a flashback to a time when together they used one bicycle then aged about ten years old. Thomas was quick to surrender the bicycle to Peter his friend and cousin as they went forth to attend a fairground where they would watch the fireworks in the dark and then walk back home. This were celebrations for fourth July which was the independence of the Indians a very much fought for liberation. In this flashback, there is the mention of Junior being a very common name with the inhabitants of the reserve. There surfaces some symbolism in this remembrance that at some point during that time as they sat in the night and were attacked by mosquitoes, victor still went back to Thomas for assistance by requesting a story just like in the situation of need, only Thomas would be available to offer him help. The story told to victor by his cousin Thomas in this context more or less just brought out the realities of their lives late on when they became kind of heroes after the departure of victors daddy. They shared a common wish of being heroes at that tender age in their lives. The ‘shadows and light from streetlamps referred to here symbolizes the ups and downs that eventually they had to endure together in the course of their lives even when everybody else felt that Thomas was an insignificant person. Also when young, aged about fifteen, they had already lost their friendly touch and so they picked up a fight with literally nothing being the specific cause. A lady named Norma stopped the bitter fight because of the respect she commanded. This is also a clear reflection of Thomass life in his adult age as no one seems to take whatever he says seriously just as the other boys would stand around and watch him get a beating. The memory of their experience at the age of about twelve years old brings out a symbolic encounter in the story where Thomas saved Victor from wasps that would have otherwise badly injured or even killed him. This reflects later on in the story as it is found out that at the point of need, only Thomas is willing to come close to Victor and offer some assistance. He literally pulled his foot out the hole of wasps for Victor to escape. An even funnier memory about this story-telling friend of Peter is the attempt to fly where according to the story he managed to su stain himself in flight for about a single second without fear like other boys did. A simile is also used in describing his flying when it is said, he ‘flapped his wings like a crazy eagle. As well, it is said, ‘As real as the dirt when Thomas lost attitude and crashed to the ground. Thomas Builds-the-Fire was lonely even in his school but yet he describes himself as one who was offered the gift of telling stories. At this point it is understood that the father died in the Second World War and the mother during his birth so he never had anybody for him. Away from the memories of the lives of this two men in their past, we get to consider what they encountered together to and from Phoenix, Arizona. Thomas had foretold the departure of Victors daddy to a place far from his family and as things turn out as Victor stood at the Trading Post to cash a cheque, Thomas walked over to him and condoled him as one who knew every occurrence to do with his late father. He made claims that he got to learn about it from such communicators as birds, wind and Victors crying mother. Since Thomas was not regarded nicely by the locals of this area, many were surprised that the two were even having a conversation. Victor was to a great extend embarrassed of Thomas but much to his surprise, just to fulfill the symbolism of the wasps, Thomas offered to assist him yet again from some savings he had been making over the time. From perhaps embarrassment or mere pride, Victor was very reluctant to take the offer from his childhood friend, to the extent that he requested time to ‘think about it. According to him, they were not to be referred to as friends at this time because it had been years since they last talked. Thomas followed Victor over to his place as though he knew that he would decide to take the offer and also take Thomas with him to the place. They flew over next to one another in the plane where the social nature of Thomas is revealed. He manages to engage a white woman in a free conversation and even pulls Victor along to it as they continue which shows actually that he was an open minded person. They even perform some gymnastics as directed by the lady and talk about matters of governance. The humor displayed by Thomas continues to carry the two and their new made friend named Cathy. Victor came to acknowledge talking to people was nice and apologized to Thomas over the happenings of the fight when they were fifteen. The body was stinking and the fact that dental records were needed for the identification meant it was even harder a task than it first looked. With the understanding that there could have been some valuables in there, they had to do it. Again with his eyes, just like the usual way, closed, Thomas remembered the fallen old man as having taken him from Spoken where he was standing and cautioned him against being mugged, bought him dinner and took him home. There was a prior deal that Thomas takes care of Victor in exchange for the favor as it shows out in the memory. Respect is accorded to the dead as even a wooden box containing part of the ash from the cremated body had a hat on it while the rest in a card box had a cap on it. They then drove a long way in turns through regions devoid of life until eventually a jackrabbit appeared only to be killed by the car in what they referred to as suicide. They arrived in the morning as the tribe awoke with all that had taken them away for some time up until then. Thomas did not want the money back from Victor but rather an ear during the telling of his usual stories. The friendship could however not continue in this neighborhood. A simile is used to back up this as being, ‘As real as the ashes where the ashes symbolized Victors daddy behind the car seats. Victor only thanked Thomas with the content of cardboard box. Thomas with his usual many ideas planned to spill the ash into the water at Spokane where he said Victors father would, ‘rise like a salmon, his teeth will shine like silver, like a rainbow. All these are similes. Victor also uses another when he says, ‘I thought itd be like cleaning the attic or something. The conclusion of this story as the two part shows just how much sometimes people reject good people because of pressure from others (Ariana 10). Victor had a debt to pay, listen to stories. Works Cited Richard, Sax. This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona. Magills Survey of American Literature, Revised Edition. Salem Press, 2007. Ariana, Todd. â€Å"This is what it means to say Phoenix, Arizona.† 2008. 123HelpMe.com. Conflict in This is What it Means to say Phoenix, Arizona. 7th May 2010. . Kelly, Jermaine. â€Å"Conflict Within The Mind† 2007. â€Å"Sherman Alexies Short Stories† 7th May 7, 2010. ,