Book Review on 'The Modern Firm' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Book surveil on The Modern Firm - Essay ExampleThus, these insights can be more readily applied to any(prenominal) developing bloodline firm to achieve the desired level of success. According to the Economist, The Modern Firm is the ..best business book of the year...deserves to be a classic...Nobody, it can now be said, is fully fit to run a modern firm until they have read The Modern Firm. (The Economist, 16th December, 2004). Times also agrees with Economist affair the book interesting that is not so in many business literatures. Objective The books objective is to explicate some of the core concepts in organisational economics in a linguistic communication accessible also for the lay people (Fredrick Tell, November 2006). The Wave of Change In this book a severe conceptual framework has been developed to analyze the inter intercourse between business environment, competitive strategy and organizational design features. According to Fredrick Tell, the essential problem that Roberts discusses is how features of strategy and organization can be modified by a designer so as to achieve higher level of performance in relation to the firms context. Industries from all the corners of the globe are introducing new and modern designs for their organizations. They are going in for go and innovative architecture. They are changing their processes and routines. Thus, we find that the total corporate culture is undergoing a prominent transformation in a bid to maximize their profit. However, all these changes are contributing towards a massive upheaval that promises to reconstruct the entire organization. Hence, we can see that the values and beliefs of any organization are greatly transformed with the passage of time. The changes do not stop at the infrastructure level but tend on to the power making authorities too. Hence, newer governing bodies are being formed within the organizations that run into the overall decision taking authority. The organizational charts are being redrawn while the manpower is shrunk and made as diverse as possible. Outsourcing is also coming up as a cost effective and innocent solution that solves much of the productivity problems. The mechanism to reward and motivate people is being revamped. The information musical arrangement is also being redesigned to include latest technologies. Hence, the entire organization is suffering a facelift to devote the business in a healthier and better way. Compulsory Changes John Robert argues in favor of these changes as he says that they are compulsory for the growth of the industries. He says that these changes would affect the organization in a better way and accelerate the companies performance and growth. However, the writer cautions that the change should not be done to the cost of the radical profit formula. The industries that are already successful and showing great monetary returns should continue to embrace that benignant formula while affecting the requi red overall change. The Determinants of Performance According to the writer, the performance has three determinants- Strategy, system and surround. Strategy What merchandise is suitable for which market? Organization It consists of a collection of workers and the way they are grouped. Environment Customers, competitors, technology, regulatory and regal context, various social, demographic and political features, and so on. When all three determinants work in accordance with each other then the performance level is maximized that result in a great level of achievement. PARC PARC is Roberts

Reflection On Freewriting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection On Free makeup - Essay Example reply the point who am I? truly offers me an opportunity to distinguish and express my personality, traits, and potential. I plenty pronto and briefly identify myself as a simple person who believes that a persons surroundings do not dictate their future or potential. I am not a complicated individual who seemingly knows a little bit of everything and always ignores his surroundings. In addition, I am nigh certainly not similar to any other human being because we all possess unique(p) character traits irrespective of how insignificant they may seem. The question who am I? is a lifelong endeavor. However, I can do my best to answer that I am a person who reads, reflects, and explores my many beliefs and decides which ar real or unreal. I am a young adult who reads, reflects, and explores my many beliefs and settles on the approximation that they are either real or unreal. There are numerous ways of answering the question who am I? The conventional answer to this question unveils how saddening and dictating religion or traditional culture can be. Similarly, the modern way of defining my life is saddening but not dictating. Instead, the modern way only proves that thither is no natural meaning in essentially anything in the universe. I chose a much more personalized standpoint to define who I am than the generalized roots of traditional and modern views. First, I am proud of this free writing piece because it is a reminder of the signs of progress in my writing I have made. Among the signs of progress in my writing is structure.

Position Paper- Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Position Paper- - Essay Examplecolleges towards low- income students though the following exposition embarks on the merits and counter arguments from the critiques in order to clear the debacle.Career colleges give birth increased the number of institutions offering higher education thereby enabling many low- income students to select their career path. The increased number of career colleges has augmented the number of courses offered thereby enabling students from low- income household to undertake their convenient courses that will not burden their pockets. The increased career colleges view as led to the development of numerous learning techniques such as on- demarcation line learning and flexible hours that have enabled low- income students to access quality education. The increased flexible learning techniques have led to a decrease in the transportation and accommodation cost that otherwise strain the lives of low- income students (Holmes 6). In addition, the notion brings about a inexpugnable correlation between genteelness and job requirement, which appeals to a host of scholars.Critiques argue that the career colleges are good- orient institutions that do not care on the quality of education they offer as long as they enrich the proprietors. The notion is not true because an increased number of low- income students are graduating from career colleges and upon employment in the various sectors of the economy, they are performing well (Holmes 4). The numerous legislations and lobbying that have occurred in the United States hindering for- profit colleges from exploiting students dismiss the critique that the institutions are profit- oriented. The career colleges are competing with public institutions for quality education rather than dough since public institutions have recently adopted numerous and flexible learning techniques such as on- line learning.Career colleges provide a tangible learning experience that helps in augmenting the connectio n between training and job requirement thereby motivating

Double Jeopardy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Double Jeopardy - Essay ExampleAll severalises embrace the concept of figure of speech jeopardy in their own constitutions and statutes. Benton v. Maryland, 395 U.S. 784 (1969) saw the Supreme Court mandate that all national and state prosecutions must take into consideration the federal biramous jeopardy clause. As a result, all citizens in spite of the different constitutions followed by the state they reside receive the same amount of egis against the federal double jeopardy clause (Thomas, 1998). In order to internalize the concept of double jeopardy, courts must showtime identify the legal proceedings that necessitate double jeopardy protection. As per The Fifth Amendment, cases that threatened the behavior or limb of an offender otherwise referred to as capital crimes or corporal punishments qualified for double jeopardy protection. The US Supreme Court modified this to include juvenile delinquency, felonies and misdemeanors. Double jeopardy protection only applies to c riminal legal proceedings, which are punitive in nature and serve to bring payback and deterrence from criminal behavior. Conversely, it does not apply to civil proceedings, which are remedial in nature tell towards compensating those afflicted by the offender. However, an offender can face both civil and criminal legal suits for the same offence without disregarding the double jeopardy claus

Critical Perspectives on thechnology and organisation Essay - 1

Critical Perspectives on thechnology and organisation - Essay ExampleThe fictional character study by Scarbrough & Lannon (1989) describes the impact of innovations and technology on the UK banking arena and discusses possible problems and advantages of technology implementation. The authors suggest that innovations and technological change butt joint help to improve knowledge and encyclopaedism in different service sectors. One reason for this is that once new technical knowledge is acquired, it can usually be embodied in a readily transferable form. The smoothness and slope of the corporeal technical learning curve depend on two factors (1) how well learning about the fussy technology is transmitted from site to site and (2) how representative of later sites the first ones that influence developers design decisions are. Scarbrough & Lannon (1989) punctuate that technology has a great impact on learning and service improvements. It is possible to apply doubly loop learning to the case of the Bank of Scotland to describe learning and knowledge creation influenced by technology. retroflex loop learning was first developed by Argyris & Schon in their work Theory in utilisation Increasing Professional Effectiveness published in 1974. Double loop learning can be defined as is learning where assumptions about ways of seeing things are challenged and underlying values are changed. Double loop learning, in questioning givens or taken-for-granteds, has the potential to bring about a abstruse shift in underlying values by cracking their paradigms or ways of seeing the military man (Argyris & Schon 1992, p. 18). Also, Double loop learning can be characterized through reflection, particularly with others in dialogue. Applied to the case by Scarbrough & Lannon, it is possible to say that double loop learning is achieved by means of technology and innovations.Scarbrough & Lannon (1989) give in that learning and

Short answer questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short answer questions - Assignment ExampleAs more red argumentation cells pass through the tissue, warmth (calor) sets in. Increase in vascular permeability results in fluid to break into the connective tissue that causes edema.Vasodilation and thickening of blood encourages leucocytes to stick to blood vessels. Margi nation occurs and leucocytes crawl between the endothelial cells and enter the inflamed tissues. Phagocytosis occurs, microbes are engulfed and destroyed by white blood cells and lastly tissue fix begins (Lydyard & Whelan, 2011).An example when a malaria protozoan enters the body through mosquito bite, the bodys immune becomes active, there is addition in white blood cell circulation. An individual presents with pain and fever. Edema might set in later phase.Inflammation can be classified according to exudate, hitch, site, and etiology. Based on exudate, inflammations result in fluid accumulation in the tissues. These inflammations can be suppurative inflammation where pus forms resulting into a come up abscess, serous where thin watery exudate forms. An example is blister. In etiology, inflammation can be all aseptic or septic. Aseptic are chemical substance radiations while septic are aliment organisms that result into inflammation. Based on location, inflammation occurs in different regions of the body depending on the causative agent, for example, terbium causes inflammation of the lungs. Duration depends on the type of hypersensitivity (Lydyard & Whelan, 2011). Type I like insect bites take shorter period to manifest than Type IV where graft transplanting takes 3 days to manifest.The immune system provides ternion lines of defense reactions. The first line of defense is made up of nonspecific barriers. This includes chemical and physical barriers that prevent outside agents from penetrating the outer layer of the body. These barriers are the skin, the mucous membrane, hair, tears, sweat saliva, gastric secretions, and cerumen. Th e second line of defense consists of leucocytes.

Application to the B.S. N program in New Jersey University ( Nursing Essay

Application to the B.S. N program in new-fashioned Jersey University ( Nursing Program) - Essay ExampleHIPAA, the European Privacy Directive, and other like legislation do not concern themselves with the success or failure of a company. If a companys data is simply destroyed, hence the legislation does not apply. In some sequels of BCP, this type of legislation may apply, as in the case of data being maliciously copied for illegal use, and then the original source being destroyed.In this broth of reasoning, the legislation that already exists is sufficient. BCP has to do with the preparation of functional copies of data that the business can use to live to function. This will help save the business money in the case of an interruption. The success of businesses should not be legislated. It should not be against the law for a business to fail. --DougI guess I am intellection of the stock market, banks, telecommunications, and other private companies. If they dont have a BCP and their services become unavailable, there are potentially serious consequences for the Nation.Doesnt the US government have a responsbility to ensure that critical areas have a BCP so that the country can function in case of an emergency Not tell them HOW to do it, still that they must do it and have some requirements to ensure it is being done.You are right. For example, the SCADA systems that govern the distribution/ transmittance of electricity and gas, must absolutely remain operational.

Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Finance - Essay Example enthronisation in diversified portfolio like equity, bond, preference sh atomic number 18, varied securities etc in domestic as well as international stock market. A number of companies are attached with this investment wait on where the finance managers and the fund managers of the investment companies are responsible for the whole process of investment by taking into consideration the associated risk factor (Kimmel, 2008 p.145). Risk and Return In baptistery of investment, risk is associated with the financial operation and transaction of securities and stocks (Correia, 2007 p.111). So, the risk of the financial operation is determined by conniving the difference between the expected move over and the actual return of the stocks. On the other hand the return on the investment designates the total earnings of the investment. Here the return of the investment may be demonstrable or negative. Rate of return is the fundamental expectation of the investors. If the portfolio manager decides to invest in the euro denominated bonds, the return on investment would be around 11.5%, whereas, the US denominated bonds would provide a return of around 9.9%. Thus at that place would be a difference in return when comparing these dickens bonds. Therefore, the portfolio manager should aim at maximizing the portfolio returns (wealth maximisation) by making the entire foreign bond allocation in euro denominated bonds, to fetch more returns for his investment. Frequent changes in the economic condition and currency value of US affects the US bonds. So, euro bonds hold a strong position than US bonds. Portfolio managers should also take into consideration that higher returns are associated with higher risks. However, the European currency in comparison to the US currency is quite stable in nature. Therefore, the euro-denominated bonds do not get much affected by the volatility in the market (Kieso, 2010 p.169). Portfolio Theory The main authorshi p of the portfolio theory is to minimise the risk by allocating the financial securities into different portfolio i.e. by diversifying the portfolio. This theory is introduced by harass Markowitz in 1952 to maximise the wealth of the investor by mitigating the risk. Hedging schema is a part of portfolio theory and it involves with the decrease of risk of the investments domestically as well as international markets. But companies can invest in appropriate proportions in different stocks by framing proper hedgerow strategy. Mainly, there are two types of hedging strategies followed by the corporate sectors like financial hedging and operational heading. The financial heading strategy is mainly applied in the derivative instruments, foreign currency borrowings and loan related matters. However, operational hedging is applicable in the cases where investment is diversified internationally. Most of the investment companies invest in different countries to check off the foreign exch ange market and to maximise the return from investment. This is also a part of the portfolio strategy. Thus investment in a portfolio reduces the risk of investment as compared to the risk involved in 100% investment on a certain stock.

Critical Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Critical Journal - Essay frame scarperThe following thesis describes the connection between artistic production and fashion and their interrelatedness which gels them into one art form. The iterate Arts need for fashions glamour and wealth and fashion search for intellectual believability reflects and emphasizes the points that consider been discussed in the following paragraphs. True fashion is giving a new outlook to a person or thing which changes their appearance and makes them beautiful without attaching any knowledge or feelings with the reverse. Famous celebrities much(prenominal) as Beyounce, Rihanna and the all girl-band, Pussycat dolls lack a true knowledge or passion for nifty fashion and designs and are keener to attach themselves with a label. They only seek glamour and fame for which they would even go to the point of selling their soul. However, artists who believe in their work and have a passion would be more metrical while portraying themselves or their wor k. The story and reason behind their work would be more pictural rather than merely showcasing their work for the sake of fame or money. I HAVE PUT IMAGES HERE OF BEYONCE, RIHANNA, AND THE PCD LADIES People deliberate artists as being smart, intelligent and trustworthy and who are not guilty of showcasing their own identity and emotions by dint of their work. At times the influence of their family and their upbringing is also reflected in their work. The below picture is the characterization of Armada portrait of Elizabeth I by George Gower in the year 1588. He specialized in portrait painting and became the serjeant painter of Queen Elizabeth I in the year 1581. HERE I HAVE A PHOTO OF cigarette ELIZABETH 1 AND GEORGE GOWER However, the above statement need not apply to all those who want to be get going of the world of fashion and art. But the below discussion near the Mexican born painter, Frida Kahlo who was born on the 6th of July 2907, is a defense against the statement as the vibrant colors used in her work is largely influenced by the culture of Mexico and Europe and was also based on realism, symbolism and surrealism. Most of her work was on self portraits and they wonderfully showcased the articulate detailing which Kahlo painfully undertook. Kahlos father was Guillermo Kahlo who was born on 26th October 1871, in Germany and he passed away on the 14th of April in the year 1941. He was a photographer by profession who went to Mexico where, in the year 1901, he set up a photographic studio and worked for El Mundo Ilustrado and Semanario Ilustrado. He was later commissioned by the government to do architectural work. Kahlos mother, Matilde Calderny Gonzalez, was a devoted Catholic and of primarily indigenous as well as Spanish descent. This is adequacy proof for the statement made in the beginning as though Kahlo did not hail from an art background as many people would have expected, instead his family did have any idea or experience about portr ait painting in which he later specialized. Many of Kahlos paintings have been inspired from her own life experiences and her most heart wrenching painting was the one that depicts the story about her accident which later changed her life. HERE I HAVE AN IMAGE OF FRIDA KAHLO This painting, which was done in the year 1944, depicts a bare woman who is seen standing in a hill field shielding

How may the teacher encourage more learner involvement in the lesson Essay

How may the teacher encourage more learner involvement in the lesson - adjudicate ExampleWe shall review some language acquisition theories and chiefly the factors that affect language learning in the classroom. These factors atomic number 18 internal, like the personality of the learner, his motivation to learn the TL, and his aptitude for language learning. External factors like the curriculum, its relevancy to the learner and the learning strategies will also be studied. Finally, we will study classroom interaction mingled with various aspects and try to conclude what can be the ways of increasing learner involvement in the classroom.Classroom is an essential element of the formal system of education. Individuals learn many things outside the classroom. But the classroom is a place where optimal efforts are made to utilize every moment of the teaching session fruitfully. Books, teaching aids, methods and content are specially prepared according to learner needs. The aim is to achieve maximum positive results in minimum time.A language class is different. Language may be taught as a special subject. But language is a tool that enables students to approach other subjects and also to travel by with others. Language is skill based more than theory. Language learning is a life-long, eternal process. So what is the assist of a second language classroom? Quite simply, the role of second language classroom is to film a student to a point where he can begin to use the outside cosmos for further second language acquisition. The language classroom can provide the students with enough comprehensible remark to bring their second language competence to the point where they can begin to understand language comprehend outside, read independently and participate in conversations. Since they will be less than fully competent, it will be necessary to provide them with tools for encouraging and regulating input. In other words, all second language classes are transiti onal and no second language class can be expected to do the correct job. Second language classes are best

G H 402 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

G H 402 - Assignment ExampleThis document examines various ethical, economic, political and moral issues presented by e-health technologies across the globe. in that respect are various ethical concerns near e-health technologies. For instance, there is concern about accessibility and affordability of the information among diverse users. The e-healthcare information should be accessible to all users cost effectively (Anastasius 58). However, there is concern about the accessibility of such information considering that many people lack access to the internet which is very critical for accessing electronic resources. The cost of obtaining such information may have reduced in terms of money, but how about the quality of the services offered to the users? There are various concerns about the secretiveness and confidentiality of the user information. The healthcare traffic requires the patients information to be treated with much confidentiality and should be shared with third parti es only with the patients consent. With a use of information communication technology (ICT) in a provision of healthcare services, there is an increasing concern about the protection of user information (Anastasius 59). Furthermore, there is an issue of laws that are applicable in case in the event of breach of patients rights in the use of e-health services. In addition, the use of e-health services raises an issue of credibility of the information offered electronically (Anastasius 59). While professional and legal measures break the protection of patients information against unauthorized disclosure, the use of electronic health exposes patients to greater risk of loss of privacy of information. Health care providers should be morally responsible for ensuring the information they give to online users is credible and accurate spot ensuring safety of users information (Anastasius 60).Healthcare has the political connotation in every nation because, in any(prenominal) instances, i t is

USA economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

USA preservation - Essay Exampleof the most important responsibilities of the Fed is to ensure monetary perceptual constancy in the economy, which wad be achieved through a combination of stable prices of goods and services across the economy coupled with a low inflation level and level of confidence of the investors in the currency of the country. The Fed comes out with monetary policy in order to ensure a certain key objectives like delivering price stability with a low inflation level coupled with an objective to support the governing bodys economical objectives of growth and employment. To understand how the Fed monitors price tie in regulations to keep a check on inflation, we whitethorn consider a small example of the regulation of house and property prices. To take any decisions related to interest arrays keeping in mind the ongoing inflation gait, the Fed must be thorough with the booming property prices and must take steps to ensure that the prices are not artificia l.Government intervenes through its central bank to regulate the prices of many commodities, similarly it also regulates the prices of houses like any different important commodity. Fed has the responsibility to keep a check on asset prices including the prices of houses. There dismiss be a number of reasons why the prices of houses may shoot up, like the simple rule of necessitate and supply has a definite impact. (Demand and Supply for Housing).The central bank sets a fixed interest rate at which it lends money to financial institutions and depending on this interest rate, individual banks and other financial institutions set up their own interest rates, which apply to the satisfying economy. This step is of indispensable importance to the economy, as this is very widely used to strike inflation. The only purpose behind such a step is just to contain undue inflationary levels prevailing in an economy. The point to be noted here is that, this interest rate set by the Bank of England is so effective and powerful that it chips in greatly to regulate the whole

Why extrinsic reward systems may not work well in some organizations Assignment

Why extrinsic pay back systems may non crap well in some organizations - Assignment ExampleThat need hierarchies can differ between organizations, cultures, and indeed, among individuals indoors the same organization and therefore should not be overlooked by a manager. Rewards must be examined and analyzed in terms of according the right motivation to the employees depending on their needs that majority of the staff office exhibit in the organization.Rewards consist of two types the intrinsic (personal) and the extrinsic (material). According to the Business Dictionary, an intrinsic reward is an outcome that gives an individual internal (personal) satisfaction such as that derived from a job well through (Business Dictionary, 2010, par. 1). On the other hand, an extrinsic reward means common, routine, or known-reward which, because it was expected by the recipient employee, does not lead to his or her greater satisfaction these are analogous to hygiene factors (Business Dictiona ry, 2010, par. 1).Some organizations do not provide incentives that would address to satisfy material needs or lower level needs of the employees (hygiene factors) because objet dart Maslows theory suggests that all needs are motivators so long as they remain unsatisfied, in Herzbergs scheme, only higher-order needs are motivators. In this regard, organizations tend to focus on giving intrinsic rewards such as recognition, advancement, achievement and responsibility that is perceived to be intrinsically rewarding to majority of their power in the long

Porters Five Forces. External Environment Analysis of Southwest Term Paper

Porters Five Forces. External Environment Analysis of Southwest Airlines - stipulation Paper ExampleThreat of EntrySince the phase of deregulation, many new entrants occupy entered into the airlines industry in USA. 22 new airlines had been formed and another 43 of them has entered till 1982. Experts suggested that the industry had inefficient scale economies which support the entry of numerous new entrants in the industry. However, since 1993 and during the recent years many of these start-ups have been consolidated, established and embodied as large and major(ip) airlines. The high threat of new entry in the airlines industry in US also gets reflected through the fact that 8 major airlines existing in the market have become bankrupt merged with other companies or has simply vanished from the radar screen (Desai, Patel & Quach, 2002, p.4).SubstitutesTrains, buses and cars account for major substitutes for air get off. However, the importance of trains and buses as substitute pro ducts has declined over the years. The Switching costs associated between air travel and its substitute serve remain quite low however, experts suggests that the importance of the substitutes be likely to change as per the customer typesetters case, route and reason for travel. For example, travelling through seas across US for long journeys would reduce acres transportation to a certain extent. Business travel could generate more than flying demand plot of land vocational travel could demand more driving. Due to the fact that leisure travellers are considered to be more price sensitive as compared to business travellers, they are more likely to use substitute services considering the opportunity costs incurred (Desai, Patel & Quach, 2002, p.4). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Employee bargaining powers are expected to vary according to coalescencyization of employees or the characteristics of employees. Wage rates have accounted for major operating expense of airlines leading to many union strikes during the post liberalization era. The bargaining powers of pilots have remained low since there are numerous pilots available in the market. Moreover, airplane manufacturers such as Airbus and Boeing, enjoy high powers of bargaining since they huge switching costs are associated with changing the airplanes (Desai, Patel & Quach, 2002, p.4). Bargaining Power of Buyers The individual powers of buyers remain low because of the inability of the airline customers to coordinate and rise among themselves. The extent of price discrimination employed by airlines would also depend largely on routes and type of the customers. Routes which remain heavily flooded by different flights more likely to charge competitive prices because of the population of substitute airlines. On the contrary the long distance flights which have less hubs and schedules are likely to be dominated by too many airlines and which consequently would charge exorbitant price from customers. Corpo rate discounting, i.e.,

Muscles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Muscles - Research Paper ExampleWhen the ponderosity needs to relax, an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase breaks see the existing acetylcholine that is in the synapse which terminates contraction. The sarcoplasmic reticulum ceases production of calcium II ions and immediately begins reuptake of the pre-existing ions. The energy is then returned to its original shape via movement of muscle fibers. (2)Both formations are vital to our structure and our movement. The skeletal system is the support frame for our entire body. In some cases it encases vital organs (ie skull is to brain as make fun cage is to intestines). However, the musculature in our body allows for vital functions to be carried out such as centre rate for blood pressure, movement of food for digestion as well as serving an important push function as well. Muscles are attached to almost every part of the skeletal system. Without the skeletal system, our bodies would take apart under the weight of the muscles and without the musculature, we would not be able to carry out vital functions in our bodies as well as have locomotion. (3)The extensor carpi radialis was what allowed Ann to reach for the box on top of the refrigerator. This happens through muscle passively lengthening.

Business modelling for decision makers Coursework

Business modelling for decision makers - Coursework ExampleThis is dependent on the arrival time of from each one of the fomites as well as the cargo area time that is expected with each one. It was assumed that each of the cars would take an average of 3 bits in restrain time to engross up the tank. The RN1 and RN2 were created with the average time which each vehicle would arrive. Since these were found on the arrival time agree to stochastic intervals, this helped to give average times of the main time when each vehicle would arrive. To determine the wait time and the average time at the pump, there was a basis of seeing when the first vehicle would arrive at the pump filling station. It was expected that no other car would be at the filling station at that time. If a car was at the station before the other, then the distance of waiting time was calculated with the outcome being a 3 minute time at the station and the remainder of the time being based on the amount of wa it time that each vehicle had to take. This gave an average wait time for each of the vehicles and provided insight into the vehicles that were seeking fuel at random times. The vehicles which arrived first determined the wait time for the vehicles that arrived later. For instance, if a vehicle arrived 2 proceedings afterwards a car before, then it was expected that there would be a wait time before the vehicle would fill up the gas. The advantage of the gas filling station comes with the expectations from the owner, which is that 65% arrive 4-5 minutes after the anterior vehicle. This lowers the amount of wait time and allows the vehicle to be free. However, if a vehicle arrives within the 1-3 minute time frame, then there is an expected wait. If this occurs continuously then it is expected that the wait time forget increase according to the number of vehicles, time spent at the pump and the wait in which the vehicle had from the previous vehicle that was filling up at the pump . This caused some(prenominal) of the vehicles to wait for up to 9 minutes before having the opportunity to fill up their vehicle. However, this balanced out because of the five minute intervals that were between vehicles which caused some portions of the pump to not service vehicles at a given time. The assumptions made with this particular chart were based on several factors. The first was that it would take an average of 3 minutes for each vehicle to be intimate what is needed. However, it was also stated that this was the average of all vehicles as stated by the owner. This fluctuation would change the wait time of all vehicles and would alter the results. It was also assumed that the vehicles arrived at the random intervals provided and would have to wait for the previous vehicles to finish filling. However, this would alter according to the speed of the last vehicle and the lining that was taking place with the vehicles. The organisation used within the gas station would

Group Pressure Essay Example for Free

Group Pressure EssayGroups decide the behavior of their members, often promoting setity. The tendency to match angiotensin-converting enzymes behavior to that of new(prenominal)s is called conformity. Some amount of root conformity provides a secure feeling of belonging mathematical radical pressure, however, can be considerable and sometimes unpleasant. Even conventions of strangers can foster conformity, as a spotless experiment by Solomon Asch (1952) showed. This empirical culture is a classic investigation that revealed the power of assemblage conformity.Its always been known that our social land not only involves making attributions, it also involves our tendency to conform to or not to conform to the attitudes and behaviors of others. The apologue of Okiki is bingle of the reasons why further study is needed in this field. Shes a thirteen-year-old honors student at a Lorain, Ohio, middle school. She sat in class, her arms and legs shaking nervously. In her bo ok bag she had a twelve-inch kitchen knife. Her plan was to wait for the bell to ring and then rush to the front of the classroom and, with the help of other student, stab her teacher to death.Why?To settle a grudge against the teacher and to show her classmates (at least a dozen of whom placed bets as to whether or not she would chicken proscribed) that she was worthy of their respect. Hearing approximately the plot, an assistant principal broke up the plan only minutes before it was to be carried out (Gregory, 1993). The fact that young teens are anxious about fitting in surprise no one, although legion(predicate) community might be amazed at the lengths some will go to gain acceptance. Sociologists hand confirmed the power of group pressure to shape human behavior and found that it remains rugged in adulthood as well as in adolescence.Hence further study regarding this hassle is needed. Another reason is that, more deal nowadays, conform by adopting the social norms or c ustoms of the large group. Changing fashions in dress and hair style illustrate conformity. I t would nominate been exceedingly unusual in the 1950s, for example, for a young man to wear an earring, but it is commonplace today. Most people feel pressure to go along with the fashion trend that is operative at the time for their group. Hypotheses Solomon Ach conducted this classic study with the hypothesis that There would be little yielding to group pressure.Hence the hypothesis universe tested is that group pressure affects perceptual judgments. Specifically, the study seeks to answer the following questions 1. Could anything persuade a someone to choose others choice other than what the somebody have selected is the correct choice? 2. Do opinions of the majority have an extremely powerful influence on an individual? Type of research A controlled experiment was conducted by Asch in his famous study. The controlled experiment allows the researcher to manipulate an breakaway.The experimenter forms an experimental group, which will experience a diverge in the independent variable (the intercession), and a control group, which will not experience the treatment but whose behavior will be compared with that of the experimental group. It is important to take note that the control group is similar to the experimental group in every other way. ) This type of experiment is especially sign of studies at the micro level of sociological research. Participants The participants are college students recruited by the researcher.Aschs control participants/group consisted of subjects who looked at the defines in a room where they were seated together but were allowed to make their judgments independently. In this group the subjects constantly matched the correct lines, just as you no doubt have. But in the experimental group a different result was produced by the introduction of an independent variable group pressure. Procedure Solomon Asch (1952) conducted a classic i nvestigation that revealed the power of group conformity. He formed groups of six to eight people, allegedly to study visual perception.His technique required the use of confederates, all of whom stated an obviously incorrect judgment prior to the sophisticate of the individual whose behavior was being investigated. He arranged with all but one member of the group to create a situation in which the remaining subject would be pressured to accept conclusions that were quite unreasonable. Asch asked group members, one at a time, to match a standard line on card 1, to one of three lines on Card. Anyone with normal vision could see that the line marked A on Card 2 was the correct choice.Initially, everyone gave correct answers. Then, Aschs secret accomplices began responding incorrectly, making the naive subject bewildered and uncomfortable. Results and Conclusions So what fadeed? Asch found that more than one-third of subjects placed in this awkward situation chose to conform to th e others by tell incorrectly or they went along with the incorrect group judgment. His study suggests that many of us are seemingly willing to compromise our own judgment to avoid the discomfort of being different from others, still from people we do not know.The independent variable in the study was group pressure. Asch varied the degree of group pressure experienced by the subject. The independent variable (group pressure) thence produced more errors, or choices (dependent variable) of the wrong line (Asch, 1966). Methodological or ethical flaws Yes, an ethical flaw in the study is evident. In Asch experiment, the subject is duped and whitethorn feel embarrassed. Since this is a sociological research, it deals with the personal lives and inner thoughts of real human beings.Although this research seems relatively innocent, thither are many times when the question asked or the behaviors witnessed may be embarrassing or even more damaging. Moreover, the study did not mention info rmed consent. So, the researcher did not take precautions to protect the inherent rights of human subjects. More or less, the study has good internal validity as it clearly measures what it intends to measure. Moreover, foreign events and contamination may cause causal conclusions of the study to be invalid.For example, when the experimental group was interviewed, something might happen which is unrelated to the result or something in their surrounding might influence the subjects in answering the questions and thus might affect the result of the survey. On the other hand, external validity is not measured in the study. Alternative Explanation An alternative explanation for the results found in this research, not related to the effects of an independent variable is the foot-in-the-door technique (Dillard, 2001). This technique can produce extraordinary degrees of compliance.Here, the experimental group will conform to the confederates not by group pressure but by voluntarily confo rming to the incorrect response. This is outmatch explained by self-perception theory, which assumes that we infer our attitudes from observing our own behavior, and provides an answer. Here, if someone freely comply with a small, worthwhile requests, the person will somehow his self as someone who has positive attitude toward worthwhile requests. As one wish to be consistent with his self-perception, he may be more likely to comply with other requests.But supporters of this alternative explanation have been mixed (Dillard, 2001). One variations of the Asch experiment suggest that the social bear on of the group varies as a function of its size, the degree of unanimity in the group, and the degree to which ones nonconforming behavior can be hidden from scrutiny. People evaluate their opinions and behavior against the standards of a eccentric group. If they find major differences, they feel pressure to conform or to change reference groups.

Energy Drinks Market Essay Example for Free

brawniness drinkables Market EssayWhat be zippo drinks? Cola and coffee drinks have long been promoted and known as energy drinks meant to give you a little pick me up, more or lessly in the form of caffeine and sugar. collide Cola in the 80s was one of the early entries in the energy drink marketplace, with double the caffeine of general colas, it was marketed towards teens and college students as a way to get an energy edge and keep you awake and energized. Their slogan, in fact, was in two ways the caffeine. Jolt has in fact upstartly been reincarnated given the victory of other energy drinks.What are the most popular energy drinks? going Bull, created by an Austrian company, really defined the category, and was launched in Europe in the late 1980s. Their slogan is loss Bull gives you wings, with images of winged bulls flying in their ads and logos. Red Bull really gained in popularity and fame in the late 90s and into the new millenium, setting off a whole new market segment of beverages energy drinks. They sold more than 1 billion discounts of Red Bull in 2000, and their emersion continues until this day.Red Bull is estimated to dominate 60-70% of the energy drink market it is popular with teens all the way up through people in their 30s Red Bull and Vodka is a big drink at fashionable bars. One of the main ingredients of Red Bull is taurine a chemical substance supposed to ontogeny energy levels. But caffeine is the main component that gives Red Bull its kick. One 8 oz. can contains 80mg of caffeine ( some the same as a cup of coffee) and 27g of sugar. Why drink Red Bull? If you insure their website, RedBull.com, youll read that drinking Red Bull increases performance, increases concentration, improves vigilance, improves emotional status, and stimulates metabolism. Is any of this true? Who knows, alone there is an accurate generation of young people that swear by it. The Energy Drink Market honest Throttle, Monster, Rocks tar With the success of Red Bull, a slew of copycat drinks were flooded into the marketplace. The most popular energy drinks are Monster, Full Throttle, and Rockstar.Full Throttle is made and owned by Coca Cola, just standardised their Coke Blak conspiracy of coffee/cola drink. Full Throttle energy drink is marketed as a rebellious drink, with flames erupting on the can, looking like a handful of Harley Davidson or something. An 8 oz. serving has 110 calories (comes in a 16 oz can) and 29g of sugar. It also packs things like ginseng extract (to keep you sharp) and plenty of caffeine. Full Throttle lunacy comes with a citrus flavor and a red can, instead of the standard black can.Coming from Coke, it is ab come in Fanta Orange like in flavor, vs. the slightly citrussy flavored version of the original. Full Throttle was a late arrival to the market, launched in 2005. It is targeted at 20-30 year old men, and contains taurine like Red Bull. Monster Energy Drink Rockstar Monster en ergy drink is yet another competitor in this crowded field. Unlike Red Bull which comes in the diminuitive 8 oz. cans, Rockstar comes in the larger 16oz. cans, like all the other energy drinks (priced close to $1. 89 per can is also pretty standard).It also has a sweet citrussy taste similar to Red Bull. The Monster logo looks like 3 claw marks ripping the can open. They also come a low-carb version and Khaos, the juice monster. Monster Energy Assault is their entry into the soft drink flavored market, but with the same energy kick to set it apart. Finally, there is Rockstar energy drink, from the makers of Hansens Natural Sodas. Their motto is party like a rockstar, targeted clearly at the younger crowd who wants to be wild and crazy and stay up all night.They make several flavors of Rockstar cola, energy drink, and juiced (which is much like Monster Khaos). The energy drink anatomy has a similar taste to all the others, while the cola version tastes better than most (it has a slight kick to the aftertaste, unlike most traditional colas). The juiced version is our favorite, with a crisp flavor of mango, orange, and high temperature fruit, leaving you with no aftertaste. It is actually 70% real fruit juice (and 100% energy as they claim ).They were the first to use the 16oz larger size, and this has caught on and become the standard. Only Red Bull continues to market the smaller cans, which is part of their image. While the UK is certainly not the only market in Europe where energy and sports drinks are big business nor indeed is it the large Bars and clubs remain important outlets for energy drinks crosswise Europe Many people will try an energy drink brand for the first prison term in a bar, with or without alcohol there is a growing trend towards everyday enjoyment as a source of energy.This in itself throws up other challenges not least how the brands, and the stores that sell them, appropriate themselves from each other. This has led to a rang e of new products, which differentiate themselves from Red Bull through packaging, or colour, or taste, or through what they contain, said Hall. Consumers are increasingly knowledgeable, and they understand more and more about the ingredients in these drinks, so if the science is good, it can be a real selling point. Sports drinks are mayhap a case in point. They are generally linked with energy drinks, and indeed have a number of similarities in terms of functionality and target audience. Yet they are generally consumed in different situations they are unlikely to be consumed in a bar, for example and have different effects on the body. I think its true to say that sports drinks marketing is more dependent on science, Hall said. PowerAde and Lucozade are displace the science of sport into the mainstream.Gatorade has not yet achieved that in Europe, but may be helped by the recent change of ownership it was bought by PepsiCo from Quaker Oats. But if we see a three-way marketing vex from these leading brands, then the shape of the European market could change dramatically. Though there are differences surrounded by sports and energy drinks, they are all about topping up, enabling people to get more out of their lives or their activities.The products have a common target audience young people with lots of outlay power and the opportunities are there for excellent growth. But there are potential threats as well. in that location have been stories of adverse reactions to energy drinks, although the drinks have never been categorically linked to the problems. The companies have always been dissolute to respond to potential problems such as these, even if they were certain that the problem was not a dissolver of the drink, said Hall.These drinks are constantly pushing the boundaries of science, and there is an argument that says can we ever be completely sure of any products safety. What we need is a balance of judgement, and for the most part that is what we make. KOTLER, Philip. , Marketing management / Philip Kotler, Kevin Keller.? duodecimal ed. , Pearson Prentice Hall. Englewood-Cliffs, New Jersey, KOTLER, Philip. , Principles of Marketing, Second European Ed. , Prentice Hall Europe, London, 1999. PORTER, Michael E. , What is strategy, Harvard business review, Nov-Dec 1996.

Who Killed the Electric Car Analysis Essay Example for Free

Who Killed the Electric Car psychoanalysis EssayWho Killed the Electric Car? is a powerful tool pertinent to many academic disciplines and universal to a variety of abilities, learning styles, and classroom goals. This rich, self-contained bring requires little or no supererogatory research on the part of the instructor or the class, but merchantman be procedured as the foundation for independent pupil research. The film divides neatly into two nearly equal and independent segments that can be sh consume on successive days or at polar points in a unit. twain segments offer excellent discussion opportunities.The classroom experience of students taking courses on environmental science or offerings that include a unit on crinkle quality or environmental concerns would be enriched by conceive Who Killed the Electric Car?. Courses that encourage interest in engineering and practical math applications would likewise benefit. The bully and civic questions that the film e xplores offer a natural connection for teachers working in the knowledge base of civics, giving medication, ethics, and blood line ethics. In many of these courses the film could be treated as a case study. The ethical questions raised are nearly unlimited and a large variety of higher-level- thinking activities can be highly-developed from the film.Included in this packet are discussion prompts, class activities, and research suggestions. 1 FILM digest included, the General Motors voltaic vehicle is featured. As this segment concludes, the success of the industrys legal dodging is symbolized by a celebrity-studded funeral for the galvanizing cable car. This segment is filled with factual analysis that examines conflicting claims abtaboo emissions, practicality, cost of various fuels, and consumer demand. Who Killed the Electric Car? is presented as a whodone-it mystery.Staying true to this genre, the film opens with necessary background information, describes the curse c ommitted, answering all of the what, where, and when questions, and then in the style of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle gathers the suspects for close scrutiny, coming to a conclusion on the guilt or innocence of each. The second half of Who Killed the Electric Car? is Sherlock Holmes at his best. The sevener suspects identified in the first half of the film are scrutinized. One by one, consumers, batteries, oil companies, political machine manufacturers, the U. S. brass, the California Air Resources Board, and the nakedest villain, the hydrogen car, pass under the bare bulb in the inspectors interrogation room in an attempt to answer the question asked in the films appellationWho Killed the Electric Car? At the end of each segment the featured suspect is judged as illegal or innocent. Opening with a bit of automotive write up that certifyes the electric car as a competitive alternative to the internal combustion engine, Who Killed the Electric Car? takes the viewer back to the begi nning of the twentieth century and the dawn of the automotive age. A straightforward explanation of why gasoline beats out electricity as the fuel of choice and how the internal combustion engine wins dominance concludes the broad overview.The film then moves to the recent past with the world of the California Air Resources Board and their 1990 finis to require that disco biscuit percent of all cars sold in California by each car manufacturer be zero-emission vehicles by the year 2003. The Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde response of automotive companies is revealed production and marketing of zero-emission cars is detailed, a period during which the legal and political team ups of the same manufacturers work to defeat the law that gave birth to modern electric vehicles.While several manufacturers are The film ends on a positive note, recognizing a grassroots movement that envisions cleaner air and naught independence. In a John Kennedy-style appeal, the film claims that those who solve our energy conundrum will be those that throw the world. 2 SELECTED SCENES FOR CLASSROOM REVIEW 119 1940 Two million new cars are sold in Television advertisement for G. M. s California each year. electric car. 255 2121 Cheap oil supports the combustion Introduce Dr. Alan Lloyd of C. A. R. B. engine over the electric car. 335 2210 Air quality in California Manufacturers lawsuit to Black cloud of death. overturn emissions standards.432 2230 Each gal of gasoline burned yields President Bush endorsing hydrogen 19 pounds of carbon dioxide. technology in the render of the Union. 455 2243 Introduce S. David Freeman. Hydrogen Hummer and the hydrogen highway. 740 2320 Creating demand for electric cars. C. A. R. B. hearing on the emissions standards. 850 2530 C. A. R. B. and Californias C. A. R. B. right to vote to kill the standards. zero-emission policy. 1240 2615 Cost to stomach an electric car equals Manufacturers start to collect gasoline when gas is 60 cents per gallon. the elec tric cars. 1410 2735 Californians Against Utility Save the electric car campaign, Company Abuse including the mock funeral. 1610 2930 G.M. claims to have built electric cars Last EV1 collected. according to demand. 1910 3120 Marketing How far, how fast, EV1s in a G. M. lot. how much? 3 3320 5036 G. M. spokesperson explains the funny Car Manufacturers fate of the collected EV1s. 3530 5620 PBS at the car crusher. Suspect Government 3658 10357 S. David Freeman, Were up against Suspect C. A. R. B. or so of the money in the world. 3715 10702 Vigil for the EV1s. Suspect Hydrogen Fuel Cell 3840 11108 Would you buy one of these electric President Bush at a hydrogen cars?Display check for 1. 9 million woof station. dollars offered to G. M. 3920 11505 Who controls the future? Last cars moved. He who has the biggest club. 11852 3934 1 Scene from Naked Gun 2 /2 Automotive Museum The stink of Fear. 4025 12030 List of suspects. Verdicts. 4058 12232 Suspect Consumers The crowd about the ele ctric car was quite simply a fight about the future. 4320 12358 Suspect Batteries Introduce James Woolsey and jadestone In America. 12719 4638 The one group of people that stairs Suspect Oil Companies up to take it on is the group that will change the world. 4 watchword PROMPTS.These prompts can be used for full-class discussion, small group conversations, or adapted for use as composing assignments of varying length and detail. What compromises related to cars and transportation are you willing to puzzle out to preserve and improve air quality? Brainstorm possibilities and then discuss each one, focusing on the average consumer. What one statement in the film do you disagree with? why? What one assertion in the film troubles you the most? Why? In your own lecture, explain why the car manufacturers collected and destroyed the electric vehicles. Did government serve the people in the case of electric cars?Why? Does government have the right to recite companies what to manufacture? Why? How important an issue is our nations dependence on oil? Explain. Do you agree that those who solve the energy question will change the world? Explain. Should the world oil append be divided evenly according to population, given to those able to pay the highest price, or reserved for underdeveloped nations? Explain your opinion. Is it acceptable for a nation to use oil as a weapon? Why/why not? Would you characterize each of the following as a secure citizen or a bad citizen?Why? -The oil companies -The automobile companies -U. S.consumers -Scientists researching hydrogen fuel -The citizens trying to save the electric car Is energy a national security issue? Why/how? Explain. How is the use of hydrogen as a fuel related to the reemergence of nuclear power? Does drilling for more oil in the pristine state of nature doctor sense? Why/why not? precondition the information provided in the film, do you conceptualise electric cars are a reasonable alterna tive to combustion engines? Why/why not? Given the information provided in the film, do you believe you will be able to buy a hydrogen-powered car in the next 10 years? 20 years? Ever? Why/why not?5 MOCK COURT Choose defense and pursuance teams for each of the seven defendants identified in the film. Have the teams prepare for a mock trial using the information in the film and if desired, redundant research. Stage a trial with a jury that has not seen the film. Roles Judge Acts as presiding officer maintaining order, firmness of purpose conflicts, and charging the jury. Prosecution team pass ons evidence against the named defendant using witnesses, charts, graphs, and physical evidence. The team would also cross-examine defense witnesses. The prosecutions job is to prove beyond a reasonable motion the guilt of the defendant.Defense team Presents evidence that rebuts the prosecutions view and may suggest alternative perpetrators. The defense may use witnesses, charts, graphs, and physical evidence. The team would also cross-examine prosecution witnesses. The defenses job is to pee reasonable doubt as to the guilt of the defendant. This activity can be used as an alternative assessment of student knowledge while also building critical thinking and oral presentation skills. 6 common land GOOD Open the activity by reading the paragraph below. Allow for a few legal proceeding of general comment on the concept of the common good and the claim by then G.M. chair Charles E. Wilson Whats good for the country is good for General Motors and vice versa. The preamble to the United States Constitution opens with the words We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, hold domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. These words imply a common interest that is shared by citizens and government, a concept often referred to as the common good. In 1953, the then president of General Motors, Charles E. Wilson, was nominated by President Dwight Eisenhower to serve as his Secretary of Defense. During Wilsons confirmation hearings, senators were concerned that he would have encumbrance making a termination that could hurt General Motors, a major defense contractor, even if the decision was in the best interest of the United States. When asked this question, Wilson assured senators that he could make such a decision but that he could not imagine such a situation, because for years I thought what was good for the country was good for General Motors and vice versa. Student instruction Who Killed the Electric Car? implies that the common good is not being served by the decision to abandon electric vehicles and embrace hydrogen technology. Write your own definition of the common good. Make groups of 3 to 5 and share these definitions. Try to agree on a group definition. Evaluate General Motors decision to kill the electric car program in blowsy of your groups definition. Be ready to report your findings to the class. Do Mr. Wilsons thoughts from 1953 reflect the General Motors tidy sum that is presented in the film? If the Senate called the current president of G.M. to explain the death of the electric car, imagine what he qualification say that would be quoted more than 50 years later. 7 HIDDEN AGENDA Teacher introduction As a class, brainstorm about the term hidden agendum. When you get all the ideas on the board, make groups of 3 to 5. In groups, have the class discuss the ideas on the board and then write a definition of hidden agenda that the group can agree on. As a class, share these definitions and create one working definition for the whole class. Have students return to their groups and discuss what hidden agenda(s) the following may have had.To make a claim, the group must have at lea st one routine of solid evidence from the film. Each group should decide which three of their claims are the strongest and prepare to present them to the class. Present and discuss Automobile companies undercover agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ Evidence Oil companies Hidden agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ Evidence Filmmakers Hidden agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ EvidenceCar companies Hidden agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ Evidence Federal government Hidden agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ Evidence Fans of the electric car Hidden agenda _____________________________________________________________________________________ Evidence C. A. R. B. Hidden agenda __________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Evidence 8 WHAT IS THE berth OF BUSINESS? What is the lineament of business in a democratic/capitalist society?The mixed fundamental interaction between business, government, and consumers is presented as a case study in Who Killed the Electric Car?. after viewing the film, clarify your own attitude toward the role of business, before any discussion, by using the prompts that follow. place the absolute list from 1, most important, to 10, least important, and then write proficient a sentence or two that explains each ranking. Using your results, make groups that include individuals with different attitudes. While you discuss the movie, analyze how different views of business influence opinions about the film. ______ The role of business is to make a profit.______ The role of business is to make a good product. ______ The role of business is to serve the consumer. ______ The role of business is to support government. __ ____ The role of business is to educate government. ______ The role of business is to educate consumers. ______ The role of business is to improve life. ______ The role of business is to cling to the environment. ______ The role of business is to provide consumers with choice. ______ The role of business is to invent solutions to societys problems. 9 WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT? What is the role of government in a democratic/capitalist society?The complex interaction between business, government, and citizens is presented as a case study in Who Killed the Electric Car?. After viewing the film, clarify your own attitude toward the role of government, before any discussion, by using the prompts that follow. Prioritize the entire list from 1, most important, to 10, least important, and then write just a sentence or two that explains each ranking. Using your results, make groups that include individuals with different attitudes. While you discuss the movie, analyze how different vie ws of government influence opinions about the film. ______The role of government is to defend the nation. ______ The role of government is to create a just society. ______ The role of government is to cheer the consumer. ______ The role of government is to protect business. ______ The role of government is to regulate business. ______ The role of government is to educate consumers. ______ The role of government is to improve life for all citizens. ______ The role of government is to protect the environment. ______ The role of government is to provide consumers with choice. ______ The role of government is to invent solutions to societys problems. 10 qualification THE CASE.In the second half of Who Killed the Electric Car? , each of the suspects in this mystery is held up to scrutiny. playacting as an unbiased detective, develop a list of the evidence offered for guilt and the evidence that indicates innocence. In groups or as a class, use these evidence lists as the basis for a d ebate that leads to a vote on each suspect. The suspect___________________________________________________ Evidence to convict Evidence to acquit 11 BRIAN DANIELS teaches history and ethics at Hudson High School, Hudson, Massachusetts. He is the indoctrinate facilitator for the democratic school initiative at.Hudson High and an active member of the schools First Amendment Schools team. He has been teaching for thirty years and holds bachelors degrees in history and psychology from capital of Massachusetts College and a masters degree in critical and creative thinking from the University of Massachusetts at Boston. He will become the Curriculum Director for English and Social Studies grades 6-12 in the Hudson school district in the summer of 2006. He has been published several times in the Boston Globe and has an article slated for publication in October of 2006 in the National Social Studies.Supervisors Association magazine. A SONY PICTURES CLASSICS fall ELECTRIC ENTERTAINMENT PRE SENTS A DEAN DEVLIN/PLINYMINOR PRODUCTION A FILM BY CHRIS PAINE WHO KILLED THE ELECTRIC political machine? NARRATED BY MARTIN SHEEN EDITED BY MICHAEL KOVALENKO CHRIS A. PETERSON DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY THADDEUS WADLEIGH ORIGINAL MUSIC BY MICHAEL tolerate CONSULTING PRODUCER ALEX GIBNEY EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS DEAN DEVLIN TAVIN MARIN TITUS RICHARD D.TITUS PRODUCED BY JESSIE DEETER WRITTEN AND DIRECTED BY CHRIS PAINE FOR BRIEF MILD LANGUAGE. WWW. WHOKILLEDTHEELECTRICCARMOVIE. COM WWW. SONYCLASSICS. COM.

Improving Study Habits Essay Example for Free

Improving Study Habits EssayThe great time saver is being organized. Establish routines that go like clockwork. Maximizing time makes an individual productive. ain time management is organizing and managing according to personal priorities, to get where one wants to go. Those who use this technique ar the highest earnrs in all walks of life. The interesting and essential step in beginning to manage time more in effect is to identify how time is being spent, because only through examining, one can begin to set priorities, give time barriers and aids to give way time management. In the course of Bachelor of Science in Psychology, students deficiency to learn umpteen another(prenominal) skills that are needed in practicing the actual profession. Psychology students have so many academic requirements to prioritize, but they also have extra-curricular that are important as well, and they always need to make do with time pressure. College is an entirely different situation than high school.Classes consist of far fewer grades, but they are worth it when you are done. Do not tell yourself, Ill read the assignment later, because often times you merely end up cramming right before the test research indicates that cramming is not the best (nor is it the worst) method of studying. At first, different factors can affect the academic performance of a students in order to achieve success, going through the steps are necessary. It should provide time for students to review activities and prevent too many errors that results to unaccomplished tasks or tasks that are accomplished, but after several attempts to do so. It reduces avoidance and welcomes other opportunities that could help in preparing for other tasks.This study will contribute to the perception of the future psychology students in prioritizing the academic activities and requirements in terms of importance and urgency. The researchers conducted a survey regarding the said topic at Centro Escolar U niversity among the second division psychology students. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the study habits and the effects to academic performance on psychology students particularly in the second year level. Habits (or wonts) are routines of behavior that are repeated regularly and tend to occur subconsciously or A habit, from the standpoint of psychology, is a more or less(prenominal) fixed way of thinking, willing, or feeling acquired through previous repetition of a mental experience.As behaviors are repeated in a consistent context, there is an incremental increase in the linkup between the context and the action. This increases the automaticity of the behavior in that context. Features of an automatic behavior are all or more or less of efficiency, lack of awareness, unintentionally, and uncontrollability. And a bad habit is an undesirable behavior pattern. Anyone interested in getting better results, becoming more productive and ultimately mo re successful should probably take an honest whole tone at the problem of procrastination. Most people think procrastination is just an issue that involves putting things arrive at that can be done later without much of a penalty. But if procrastination will locomote your habit especially in your study what would be the effect of it in your academic performances?Statement of the problem.1. What are the bad habits/behavior/attitude toward the respondents returns?Ans. Gagawin pa yang sentence.Lack of interest in the subject area, Unable to set priorities (extra curricular activities, entertainment, etc.), Lack of prerequisites for success in the current subject area, Unstable mob life ability to concentrate, lack of interest or motivation to succeed, procrastinating, habitual lateness, overextension, Inability to Prioritize, Negative brainpower and Fear of Failure2. Does the negative attitudes and habits of psychology students affect their academic performances?3. The reasons wh y they act/behave that way.Gagamitan naten to ng theories ha ) at d pa to tapos.Lack of Focus, Family problems, social lives (including texting, IMing, etc.), outside distractions (phone, music, TV),

Hunting essay Essay Example for Free

Hunting es recite EssayThe morning time was cold and dark as I crept through with(predicate) the perplexen(prenominal) terrain towards my favorite search spot. After acquiring situated in my tree stand I patiently waited for the woods to light up. As the radiancy sun started to rise, constitution began to come to life. The birds were chirping, squirrels were out relishing for their nuts and I was patiently waiting to protrude a cervid. This was the first solar day that I got the chance to take my brand spic-and-span Browning deer rifle into the woods. Not long after greeting the rising sun I heard the familiar and non-mistakable sound of a deer quietly base on balls through the woods.I could tell it was getting approximate so I stealthily picked up my gun and s supportned the woods looking for any movement that would shed away the position of the deer. Finally I saw him, a good looking six pointer. As I steadied my aim I squeezed the trigger and sent a bullet flying towards him. I knew I make a good shot because the deer tore through the woods for closely thirty yards and crashed to his death honorable beside the creek. After dragging the deer out of the woods I got to float to the rest of the guys in my hunting club. At the time it was the biggest deer that I had killed and was thrilled with it.We ate tiffin then dad and I got the luxury of skinning, gutting and quartering up the deer so that the meat could be put into our cooler. Now that the first deer of the day had been cleaned, it was already time to head back to our stands for the afternoon hunt. As I climbed back into my stand, I once again got situated and pulled up my trusty new deer rifle. Nature was still very active which endlessly makes for a good hunt. I always enjoy just observing nature while I am hunting even if I do not kill anything. About an hour had passed as I began to hear something loudly barging through the woods.It didnt take long for me to spot the obnoxiously loud group of turkeys. As I glanced oer the group of turkeys one of them stuck out like a banana on a plate dependable of oranges. It was an albino turkey. I wanted to shoot so bad, but at that time of the year turkey gentle was not in so she luckily got to scratch and dig for food with no worries of harm. After the turkeys made their way to a new spot in the woods I began to calm back passel from the exciting encounter with an all-white turkey. I had never seen anything like it before.About an hour before dark nature was absolutely calm. There were no noises to be heard at all. As a hunter I get the feeling when something is about to happen. It is my sixth sense. After a short time had passed, I would say thirty minutes I heard the soft, carefully placed footsteps that only a deer can make. I looked over my right shoulder and immediately sighted the big bodied whitetail walking towards me through a hardwood thicket. I cautiously stood up and got my gun ready for the shot becau se I knew this deer had to be a buck due to his enormous body size.I put my scope on the open spot where he should have walked out. When he entered the shooting lane the first thing I saw through my scope was a large set of shining antlers. As my heart began to beat even faster buck fever took over me. I swung my scope to his body and centered the crosshairs dead on his shoulder. I squeezed the trigger once again and made another great shot. The deer dropped right in his track with all four legs tucked in under his body. I was so enthused that I immediately called my dad who answered his phone asking me right off hand what I had killed.Still trembling with excitement I managed to get out the words really big buck, come quick and look at this deer. I rapidly climbed down out of my stand and walked up to the deer with a spacious grin on my face. Dad got there shortly after and saw the deer. I honestly signify he was happier than I was on my great, successful hunt. We got our four-w heeler and got this deer out of the woods. When the rest of the guys in our hunting club saw the deer they were in awe at the size of it as well.It was a nine point buck with a twenty inch spread and his most unique feature was the phoebe bird inch drop tine that hung down from his left main beam. This is still my most successful hunting activate yet and I still have the title to the largest deer that has been killed in our hunting club. Since this was the first day that I had taken my brand new Browning a-bolt deer rifle chambered in the three hundred wsm cartridge, I gave it the name of ol faithful. Still to this day just thinking about that evening puts a massive grin of success on my face.

Liberal Arts vs Science Essay Example for Free

all-inclusive Arts vs Science EssayLiberal humanities lease with the sections of statement that specialize in imp inventioning general cognition to learners. This is usually meant to build a strong intellectual capacity on general subjects that would not require technical or thus far passkey skills. The sections of arts that are rudimentaryally seen as to be in this category include languages, philosophy, music, basic arithmetic and history. In as much as humanities are considered to be collapse of panoptic arts, they my lean towards scientific processes standardised those in geography and research sciences. On the differentwise hand, sciences are found on technical subjects wish well physics and chemistry. Scientific knowledge is specific and can be found on a plethora of scientific specialties. Some examples whitethorn include biology, physics, engineering and medicine. Other areas in sciences that are specific can include actuarial science and applied mathematic s. Developments in the current valet de chambre of instruction indicate that to a greater extent and much students are beingness encouraged to specialize on sciences than bighearted arts. Does this signal that freehand arts are dead and e actuallything is now about science and technology?Specialists in some(prenominal) quarters bugger off advanced arguments that point to the accompaniment that on the loose(p) arts are end fast. Reasons include the particular that to a greater extent professionals in sciences receive better compensation packages than their counterparts in spacious arts. The topic that liberal arts are a dying section of education is supported by points. This is collectable to the fact that more and more people are embracing education in sciences that seem to be generally more appealing. The Industrial Revolution experienced in the world over seemed to emphasize the fact that the world would lean more towards technical aspects of education than on the arts.During the onset of this revolution in the recent nineteenth century, inventions in sciences drove many to pursue technical subjects as they seemed to be leading to the more or less lucrative jobs. Examples lay in the engineering and other technological fields that had strong foundations in sciences. As such, many institutions that were recruiting prospective employees developed pay packages that were tailored to be better than those for employees in the liberal art field. Other factors that point to this being true include the declining budgetary allocation in universities that specialize in liberal arts.This was aggravated by the deferral experienced during the period 2008-2009. A study showed that most students who had degrees in the fields and disciplines in liberal arts suffered job cuts and lay-offs during this period (Cook 1) (The Death of Liberal Arts How the recessional and Unemployment are making Schools and Students Rethink the Value of an Education in The Human ities 1). The tot ups of tertiary institutions that unfold courses in these fields have declined by nearly a hundred since the early nineties to date.patronage this trend in increases, there are facts that point towards this being the truth and there are about others that seem to dispute this idea. Current job markets indicate that every employee has to have at least virtually basic technical knowledge. This may mostly lie in the knowledge of Information Technology (IT). It is wise to observe that in the modern world, nearly all organizations insist on recruiting employees who have basic knowledge on how to process data using computers. This may be in writing documents or change sur subject manipulating data to obtain a desired result.Therefore, most organizations recruit prospective employees with basic computer proficiency skills. These skills are deemed to be mandatory in communication and other day-to-day activities in the office. On the other hand, most companies that are recruiting prospective employees are insistent upon the ability of employees to integrate with the corporation. This would include the immediate community living within the precincts of the location of such companies or even the prospective customers. To have such abilities, one and only(a) packs to have studied some form of psychology or even sociology.These form part of the liberal arts. Consequently, these companies recruit employees who have studied in these fields and hence have the abilities to mingle with the express people. This knowledge susceptibility be crucial in marketing or even companies that deal in communications and customer care. Therefore, there are job market patterns that may seem to suggest that liberal arts may not be totally dead. Kathleen Haney, a professor of Philosophy of Education in the University of Houston-Downtown, opines that in the view of a layman, liberal arts are dead.She observes that liberal arts are in the first place important in the formative years of education such as the elementary and secondary education. later on, when a student needs to be start more skilled in specific subjects, he may need the knowledge acquired in the elementary and secondary that dealt more on liberal arts. Such skills might include languages so as to communicate with others well. However, in The Liberal Arts and the End of Education, she explains the need for everyone to view liberal arts as losing its shine due to the influence of development.Development, she insists, impresses upon scholars the need to embrace more technical subjects. This she attributes to the need by more organizations to employ people who have knowledge in practical-oriented subjects like sciences. In as much as her works seem to approve of this as the trend, she however goes onwards to implore us to change our mind-frame so that we can see liberal arts as polar in enabling us to be able to be proficient in these practical subjects. She insists that the m ore technical subjects would need the services of liberal arts to survive.This she subtly alludes to when she says that languages are the essence of understanding and communication. Therefore, she agrees to the fact that liberal arts are losing their shine due to the current patterns in job markets. She however does not encourage this as it might be of detriment to ignore important sections of liberal arts like languages. The trend that she observes goes way back in time and is founded from the early times. The enthusiasm with which liberal arts were embraced in front the Industrial Revolution has considerably gone down due to the mentioned facts.There seems to be a number of reasons that have been fronted for this kind of happening. It is only natural that for this, there has to be some form of consequences. The future generations face a more challenging line of trying to ignore or even do without an important part of education. As a theme of fact, the consequences might have ve ry heavy repercussions on education in general. The main factor that go away contribute to this is the need for people who can efficiently communicate in certain settings.For instance, when languages are abolished in the curriculum, students will need extra efforts to learn foreign languages so that they can earn whole-some multi-cultural competency. An example is when a company needs to venture into a foreign market and it requires one of the staff members to be able to communicate to the natives in their language. This would mean that the staff will be required to learn the native language of the people residing in the area. This might be expensive to assay as the only other option is to employ a native. Many people have come up with arguments in support of the notion that liberal arts are dead.However, there are some writers who have come up with opposing arguments that seem to be water-tight. The American Council of Learned Societies has come up with issues that seem to show t hat the liberal arts are still popular in colleges. It discusses the importance of liberal arts in communication and the full understanding of human nature (American Council of Learned Societies 1) (Liberal Arts in American Higher Education Challenges and Opportunities 1). It is subjects like philosophy and psychology that enable scientists like doctors and psychiatrists to understand how to deal with illnesses of the human mind.Coupled with this, the languages help in comprehension of several issues. Their argument is based on the fact that liberal arts build a comprehensive understanding of the human being. This seems to be a very convincing argument since most of sciences deal in the physical part of a human being but not on the moral, spiritual and social part. In the international arena, the science vs. art slaughter has taken various forms depending on situations. For instance, many parents still insist on their children taking more professional courses as opposed to them hav ing to take courses in liberal arts.It is of interest to note that many writers attribute this to the several(predicate) priorities that people in the different social classes have. For instance, many students in the upper middle class will not feel pressured to earn degrees in the professional courses that are not seen as art-based. On the other hand, students who have to work to earn money for their fees have always chosen professional courses over the liberal arts. This has been attributed to the fact that the students from affluent families have no worries about fees and which college they feel they want to attend.Their schooling is a matter of choice as opposed to students with limited financial abilities who will be restricted to their budgets due to financial constraints. In conclusion, it has been shown that liberal arts are losing attention as an important part of education. Many factors have pointed to this. It is important to note that the need to study other technical subjects important in scientific development have led this. It is also important to note that the foundations of basic education are laid finished the use of liberal arts like languages.Therefore, it is pragmatic to stop this trend before it leads to harm. The fact that more and more institutions are beginning to lower the budgetary allocations on liberal arts is worrying. It is worth noting that the recession exposed the weakness in the humanities sector of education as professionals in this field suffered more job cuts. This would actually lead to anyone conclusively saying that the liberal arts are actually dead. However, many a writer has sufficiently come up with arguments that signify the importance of liberal arts in the current and future settings.Therefore, while it is important to note that liberal arts are dying, it is a task set upon us to develop curricula that will ensure that the sections that liberal arts cover in education are taken over by an equally fulfilling br anch of education. References Cook, N. The Death of Liberal Arts How the street corner and Unemployment are making Schools and Students Rethink the Value of an Education in The Humanities. (5th April, 2010). Newsweek Web Exclusive. Web. America Council of Learned Societies. Liberal Arts in American Higher Education Challenges and Opportunities. 2005. American Council of Learned Societies. Print.

Pearl Harbor Essay Example for Free

Pearl cheer Essay outrage any where is a threat everywhere, as Martin Luther King stated. It varies from bullying to unjust workers. The final solution is a great example of hurt. Innocent Jewish pack were kil direct for just being of their faith. Racial discrimination and bullying are a few other examples of prejudice that are blocked. This could have been prevented, granted people did not act as fast as they did to follow Hitler. such inequity should keep from hap in the future. Injustice comes in many ways and forms. From bullying to unfair judging of others.The Holocaust was a great example of detriment. The Jewish community did not deserve such torment for being Jewish. In World War 2 Adolph Hitler wanted to clear Germany of all Jews and turn Germany into a communist country. The injustice that was happening in Germany was spreading across Europe. Eventually other countries like Italy and Russia were under the influence of communism. This injustice was spreading a cross Europe . The United States found this to be unjust and had to interfere because they found this to be a threat to them.War crimes such as this are perfect examples of injustice. Another example is the racialism of the 60s. There was so much fighting towards the Black population and it was unfair. The African-American population had been desire freedom and equal rights since slaves were freed. Dr. Martin Luther King tried to make equal rights true for all. He did such and succeeded, which guide to equal rights and no more racial discrimination. There are many more ways that injustice shows up in history but these are some main examples.Even from a undecomposable shove to a kid you do not like to something as upscale as the Holocaust, injustice should be prevented. Injustice may be widespread, but it can be stopped. The Holocaust and Racial variety were unjust, but they were stopped, which proves that any injustice can be stopped. You could do something as little to tell a b ully to stop. Whenever given the chance stop injustice, take it. It can be prevented in large organizations also. Such groups come together to talk about and help others experiencing injustice in their lives.People can do much more to prevent injustice than they think. Always speak out against injustice because you could save a life. Those who dared to speak out in the Holocaust were killed, but their death was not in vain. These people led to the freedom of the Jews. This proves that speaking out against injustice can save people. In conclusion, injustice can be prevented in many different ways. You can do anything from stopping a bully to starting an organization. Injustice comes in many ways and forms. No matter what way injustice is seen, you should do what you can to prevent it.

Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay Example for Free

Karl Marx and merciful Nature EssayI have taken for my study one chapter from the h gray-haired back Marx and benignant temper by Norman Geras. In the second chapter Norman Geras deals with the homosexual temperament and diachronic materialism. Although many Marxists denied Marxs theory of man nature that there was a human nature to be prime in Marxs words, there is in f passage a Marxist conception of human nature which remains, to more or less degree, constant through let on memorial and across neighborly boundaries. The sixth of the Theses on Feuerbach provided the basics for this interpretation of Marx check to which there was no eternal human nature to be found in his works. Feuerbach resolves the essence of devotion into the essence of man human nature. only if the essence of man is no abstraction inherent in separately single individual. In reliableity, it is the ensemble of the social dealings. Feuerbach, who does not enter upon a criticism of this real essence, is hence obliged Human nature therefrom, Marx appears to say that human nature is no more than what is do by the social traffic. Norman Geras Marxs Theory of Human Nature, however, offers an extremely detailed argument against this position.In outline, Geras shows that, magical spell the social relations are held to determine the nature of people, they are not the whole such determinant. In fact, Marx makes statements where he specifically refers to a human nature which is more than what is conditioned by the circumstances of ones animation. In Capital, in a footnote critiquing utilitarianism, he says that utilitarians must reckon with human nature in general, and past with human nature as modified in each historical epoch. Marx is leaning against an abstract conception of human nature, offering instead an account rooted in sensuous life. composition he is quite explicit that individuals express their life, so they are. Hence what individuals are depends on the mat erial conditions of their product, he to a fault believes that human nature will condition (against the background of the tillable forces and relations of production) the way in which individuals express their life. History involves a continuous trans public figureation of human nature, though this does not mean that e rattling aspect of human nature is entirely variable what is transformed need not be wholly transformed.Marx did criticize the tendency to transform into eternal laws of nature and of reason, the social forms springing from your present mode of production and form of station, a process roughtimes called reification. For this reason, he would likely have wanted to criticize certain aspects of some accounts of human nature. Human beings collectively work on nature but do not do the same work there is a division of labor in which people not only do different jobs, but agree to Marxist theory, some people live from the work of other(a)s by owning the marrow of pro duction.How this is accomplished depends on the type of inn. Production is carried out through very definite relations between people. And, in turn, these production relations are unyielding by the level and character of the productive forces that are present at any given time in history. For Marx, productive forces refer to the doer of production such as the tools, instruments, technology, land, raw materials, and human knowledge and abilities in terms of using these means of production.Human nature, Marxs ethical thought and alienation Gears says of Marxs work that Whatever else it is, theory and socio-historical commentary, and scientific as it whitethorn be, that work is a moral indictment resting on the conception of essential human require, an ethical standpoint, in other words, in which a view of human nature is involved . Alienation, for Marx, is the estrangement of humans from aspects of their human nature.Since as we have seen human nature consists in a particular s et of vital drives and tendencies, whose exercising constitutes flourishing alienation is a condition wherein these drives and tendencies are stunted. For essential powers, alienation substitutes disempowerment for making ones own life ones object, ones life becoming an object of capital. Marx believes that alienation will be a feature of all society out front communism. The opposite of, alienation is actualization or self-activity- the activity of the self, controlled by and for the self.Human nature and the working out of the productive forces It has been held by several writers that it is Marxs conception of human nature which explains the primacy thesis concerning the expansion of the productive forces, which according to Marx, is itself the rudimentary driving force of history. If true, this would make his account of human nature perhaps the most fundamental aspect of his work. Geras writes, historical materialism itself, this whole distinctive approach to society that orig inates with Marx, rests squarely upon the idea of a human nature.It highlights that specific nexus of universal needs and capacities which explains the human productive process and mans organized fault of the material environment which process and transformation it treats in turn as the basis both of the social arrange and of historical pitch. The tendencys autonomy is just its independence of social structure, its rootedness in fundamental material facts of human nature and the human situation. Historical progress consists fundamentally in the growth of peoples abilities to shape and control the worldly concern about them.This is the most basic way in which they develop and express their human essence. Historical materialism Historical materialism started from a fundamental underlying reality of human existence that in order for human beings to survive and continue existence from generation to generation, it is necessary for them to produce and reproduce the material requiremen ts of life. Marx then extended this premise by asserting the importance of the fact that, in order to carry out production and exchange, people have to enter into very definite social relations, most fundamentally production relations.Norman Geras analyzed historical materialism and postulated that society has moved through a number of types or modes of production. That is, the character of the production relations is determined by the character of the productive forces these could be the simple tools and instruments of untimely human existence, or the more developed machinery and technology of present age. The main modes of production Marx identified chiefly include primitive communism or tribal society (a prehistoric defend), ancient society, feudalism, and capitalism.In each of these social stages, people interact with nature and produce their living in different ways. Any superabundance from that production is allotted in different ways. Ancient society was based on a popul ar opinion social class of slave owners and a class of slaves feudalism was based on landowners and serfs and capitalism based on the capitalist class and the working class. The capitalist class privately owns the means of production, distribution and exchange (e. g. , factories, mines, shops and banks) spell the working class live by exchanging their socialized labor with the apitalist class for wages. Marx identified the production relations of society (arising on the basis of given productive forces) as the economic base of society.He in like manner explained that on the foundation of the economic base their arise certain political institutions, laws, customs, culture, and so on , and ideas, ways of thinking, morality, etc. These constituted the political/ideological superstructure of society. This superstructure not only has its origin in the economic base, but its features also ultimately correspond to the character and development of that economic base, i. . the way people organize society is determined by the economic base and the relations that arise from its mode of production. Historical materialism can be seen to rest on the following principles1. The basis of human society is how humans work on nature to produce the means of subsistence. 2. There is a division of labor into social classes (relations of production) based on property ownership where some people live from the labor of others. 3. The system of class division is dependent on the mode of production. 4.The mode of production is based on the level of the productive forces. 5. Society moves from stage to stage when the dominant class is replaced by a new emerging class, by overthrowing the political shell that enforces the old relations of production no longer corresponding to the new productive forces. This takes place in the superstructure of society, the political arena in the form of revolution, whereby the underclass liberates the productive forces with new relations of production, and social relations, corresponding to it.Human nature and historical materialism Marxs theory of history attempts to describe the way in which humans change their environments and (in dialectical relation) their environments change them as well. That is Not only do the objective conditions change in the act of reproduction, e. g. the village becomes a town, the wilderness a cleared field etc. but the producers change, too, in that they influence out new qualities in themselves, develop themselves in production, transform themselves, develop new powers and ideas, new needs and new language.The first premise of all human history is, of course, the existence of living human individuals. therefrom the first fact to be established is the physical organization of these individuals and their consequent relation to the rest of nature. Thus History does cryptograph, it possesses no immense wealth, and it wages no battles. It is man, real, living man who does all that, who possesses and fights history is not, as it were, a person apart, using man as a means to achieve its own aims history is nothing but the activity of man pursuing his aims.So we can see that, even before we begin to consider the precise character of human nature, real, living humans, and the activity of man pursuing his aims is the very building block of Marxs theory of history. Humans act upon the world, changing it and themselves and in doing so they make history. But even beyond this, human nature plays two key roles. In the first place, it is part of the explanation for the growth of the productive forces, which Marx conceives of as the driving force of history. Secondly, the particular needs and drives of humans explain the class antagonism which is generated under capitalism.Conclusion and critical remarks Here I would like to say that Marxist philosophical anthropology is one sided. Its conception of human nature and human good overlooks the need for self identity than which nothing is more essentially human. The consequence of this is held to be that Marx and his followers have underestimated the importance of phenomena, such as godliness and nationalism, which satisfy the need for self identity. In the study of human nature and historical materialism, history is what is do by human beings and its nature.According to Marx human beings are working and changing the world, Marx ignored all other factors that at work in the development of history. History has been developed not only by human beings but also through various elements. Historical materialism is caused by the production of things and there by arising social relationships. Here it implies that economy is the basic structure of society that controls and develops. But it is a reductionist approach, it is hopeless to reduce the basic structure as economic relations alone.