Cellular Reproduction Essay -- Biology

Cellular ReproductionCellular Reproduction is the attend to by which all living thingsproduce natural beings similar or identical to themselves. This isessential in that if a species were not able to reproduce, thatspecies would rapidly sour extinct. Always, duplicate consists ofa basic pattern the conversion by a parent organism of raw materialsinto offspring or kiosks that forget later develop into offspring.(Encarta, 2) In almost all animal organisms, reproduction occursduring or after the period of maximum growth. (Fichter, 16). But inPlants, which stretch to grow through out their lifetime, thereforemaking the bring more complex. Plants reproduction is usuallycaused by a stimulant, mostly environmental or growth factors. Thereproductive process, whether agamous or sexual always involves an re-sentencing in hereditary material from the parent(s) so that the neworganism may also be able to reproduce. Reproductive processes can becategorized in many diffrent ways altho ugh the most common is to putthem into each asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. Asexualreproduction is the process by which a single organism passs rise to ii or more daughter cubicles. Most single celled organisms reproduce bythe asexual process k todayn as fission, which is commonly calledmitosis. Fission (or Mitosis) is the division of single cell into twoidentical daughter cells. Interphase, the first phase of the cellcycle and also the phase before mitosis, starts as soon as the cell isborn. Interphase is broken up into three phases, G1, S, and G2. During the G1 phase, the cell increases in plenty except for the chromosomes,which stay the same, uncoiled. Protein synthesis is also occurringrapidly in this phase. If a cell doesnt divide further, it remainspermanently in the G1 phase. Next is the S phase, in which the mass ofthe cell continues to increase, and DNA is duplicated, and then thechromosomes divide to fashion model identical sister chromatids attached by acentromere. (Harold, 45). During the G2 phase of Interphase, the cell break downs double its mass at birth, the chromosomes begin to shorten andcoil, and the centrioles appear, the cell is now ready to enter intomitosis. In the first and longest phase of mitosis, prophase, thechromosomes become visible and the centrioles split in half and thenmove to diametral sides of th... ...ont seperatecorrectly. This is called nondisjunction. There are three types ofnondisjunction, Trisomy- when a gamete with an extra chromosome isfertiized with a habitual gamete. Monosomy- when a gamete with onechromosome is missing and is then fertilized by normal gamete. AndTrioloidy- where both zygotes have an extra chromosome. Reproductionis as essential to a species as food, water, or shelter. If a speciescannot reproduce anymore, that species will eventually become extinct.There are many means of reproduction but principally only two asexualand sexual. In asexual reproduction, One organism gives a p art or itswhole self, in order to give rise to two or more new organisms. Duringsexual reproduction, two parents each form sex cells, which unite, andeventually form a new individual.Works cited Biggs, Alton & others. Biology The Dynamics of Life.Glencoe McGraw-Hill. New York, NY, 2000 Encarta Encyclopedia. CD-ROM.1998 Fichter, Sheila. Reproduction. Universal Press Columbus, OH,1994 Harold, Christopher. Cells A Guided Tour. Simon and Schuster New York, NY, 1987 ONeil, Franklin. Cells. McMeel Publishing, Inc. Atlanta, GA, 1990